Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



Nav. l0 ,1925- S. B. HASELTINE FRIC'IION SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM Filed May 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Shed 1 Nov. l0, 1925. 1,560,813

s. s. HASELTINE PRICTION SHOCK ABSORBING IIECHANISII A Fund U8? 28. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ffgf, ,iwf ,ff ,ffy ,1' ,ff

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Patented Nov. 10, 1925.

. UNITEDA s-TAT-E1S PATENT oFFicE,

sTAoY B. HASELTINE, oE CHICAGO, ILLLNoIs Ass1GNon, BY MEsNE ASSIGNMENTS,

'ro w. H. MINER, INC., A CORPORATION oF DELAWARE.

FEITIoN sHoox-ABsoRE'INGMEoEANIsM. l

Application med may 2s, 1924. seriar No. 716,313.

To all whom it may concern.' f

Be it known that I, S'rAcY B; HAsEL'riNE,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago,in the county of Cook and'State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Friction Shock-Absorbing Mechanisms, of which the follow-ing is a full; clear, concise,and exact descrip-y tion, reference being hadto the accompanyl0 cation.

This invention relates toimprovements in friction shock absorbing mechanisms.

One object of the invention is to providev a high capacity friction shock absorbing mechanism of the intercalated plate type, especially adapted for railway draft riggings, having a preliminary relatively light action and a high capacity frictional resistance during the remainder of the compresl sion stroke.

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the character indicated, comprisingr a plurality of relatively movable friction plates having means coacting therewith for placing the same under lateral pressure, including a. plurality of relatively movable friction shoes havingr interengaging friction surfaces.

A further objc-ct of the invention is to provide a friction shock absorbing mechanism, including a plurality of relatively movable cooperating friction elements, and means for placing said elements under lateral pressure., wherein the friction elements are brought into operation in sequence to effect three progressively increasing stages of frictional resistance during the compression stro-ke.

A still further object of thc invention is to provide a shock absorbing mechanism comprising a. group of relatively movable friction elements and friction wedge means for placing said elements under lateral pressure includingr a pair of relatively movable friction shoes havingr interengaging friction surfaces, one of said pair of shoes having trict-ional engagment with the friction elements, wherein means is provided for initi- "n ating, in sequence, relative movement of said ing drawings, forming a part of this specifi;V

shoes,` movement of said group of ,friction v plates Ywith reference to the shoes and rela-- tive movement of the platesfofsaid group,

yand thereby progressively, increasing the frictional resistance duringia compression 55 stroke. i

vA moreispecific object ofthe invention is to providela shock absorbingrr mechanism including affliction shell, a lplurality ofrelatively-movable friction plates and a friction 6o wedge system i coacting .with the plates, wherein the shoes have means thereon engaging the plates'for restoring thelatter to nor- V mal position, land certain 'of said shoes directly cooperate with the shell to'restore the 65 same to normal position also.

Otherobjects and advantages of the invention will more clearly appear from the descriptionand claims hereinafter followlng.

In the drawings Iforming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal, horizontal, sectional view of a portion of a railway draft rigging, showing my improvements in connection therewith. Figure 2 is 75 a front end, elevational view of the shock absorbing mechanism proper. Figure 3 is a vertical, transverse, sectional view of the shock absorbing mechanism proper, correspending substantially to the line 3 3 of 80 Figure 1. Figure 4 is a detail, side elevational view of one of the friction plates used in connection .with my improved mechanism. And Figure 5 is a fragmentary, detail, side elevational view of the rear end portion of another friction plate of said mechanism.

In said drawings, 10-10 indicate channel shaped, center or draft sills of a railway car underframe, to the inner faces of which are secured front stop lugs 11--11 and rear stop lugs 12-12. The inner end portion of the drawbar is indicated at 13, the same being operatively connected to a yoke 14 of a wellknown form, within which are disposed the Shock absorbing mechanism proper and front and rear followers 15 and 16. The yoke and the parts therewitbin are supported in operative position by a detachable Saddle plate 17. 100

dinally disposed, spacedtop 'andL bottom walls 19-19, and a verticalwall l2.() at them rear end, the interior surfaces'of the side'" walls 18 presenting longitudinally extend-g ing friction surfaces adaptedy toV cloact with the outermost plates of the groups Aps clearly shown in Figurel, thesliell A. is of such a length that the, front andrearn ends thereof are normally spaced fronrthe-r front and rear followers. Eachyofthewalls 19 has on the interior side, a, ,1ongitudinflly,=`

disposed, relatively wide central rib 21hat-f y ing its front end'spaced inwardly .from the corresponding endof the shell an .mergng at its rear endy witlrtlle 1jearwallk,20'. .he opposed top and bottom ribs2l ac tto mail tain the spring resistance element F i-nposition, the bottom rib furthcracting as a support for the spring.

The front and rear wedge blocks B are of like construction, each block being in the form of a hollow casting and having aflat-I outer face 22 adapted to abut the. inner sur-A face of thev corresponding main follower. Eaclrblock is also provided with a vp air of faces 23 at the opposite sides thereof, converging inwardly of the mechanism and adapted toco-act with the adjacent pairseof friction wedge shoes. The rear wedge B extends through a rectangular opening 24 provided in thc end wall 2i) of the shell A, the opening being of suc-h a size that the wedge works freely therein.

rThe friction wedge shoes C-C, whichaie disposed at the front end of the mechanism, court with the corresponding wedge bloei-z B. On the inner side, that is, the side nearest the longitudinal. central axis of the mechanism, cach shoe C has a wedge face 123 correspondingly inclined'to and adapted to cout-t with the corresponding wedge face of the front block B. At the linner end of the wedge face 123, each bloei( has a Verticelly disposed, laterally projecting fiange and inwardly ofthe flange the corresponding side of the body portion of the shoe is recessed as indicated at 26 to accommodate tile adjacent side of the outer coil of the main spring resistance F. The outer side of cach shoe C is fiat, defining an elongated friction surface 27 adapted to coact with i the corresponding shoe D of the` rear pair.

Adjacent the outer end, each of the shoes E- the inner side of theshoe.

C is provided with a laterally outwardly projecting lug 40 for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The pair of friction shoes D-D, which are also of like construction, are disposed at the rear engl of the mechanism vand coact with tliei' rear wedge B, i Each shoeDcomprises'an elongated body portion of generally I-shaped cross section substantially throughout its length-comprising a Kiel* tically disposed web 28 and longitudinally disposed top and bottom plates providing inner top ardbo tln flanges 29 and outer top and bottom fl nges 30. At the rear end of e'ach Vslioe l), tie web 28 extends beyond the top and bottom.. flanges and isen-largedV to provide a laterally projecting head 31. on

rThe enlargement 31, is .provided` with a.A wedg %.fac`e7 similar to the wedge face 123 heroinbefore described, and. also 'designated by. 123, said wedge face lcoopei-atingrwith the corresponding wedge face 23 of the rear wed e B. The rear ends oftheshoes. Dl normaliyengage wear p1ates32v riveted tothe-rear wall 20 and disposed at opposite sides of the shell.. Atthe forward end, lthe inner surface ofthe web 28 of eachshoe is cut away as clearly shown inFigure 1 to pro videl a longitudinally disposed,- flat friction surface 127 adapted to cooperate with the outer friction surface 27 of thecorrespond.

ing shoe C. At the forward end, the web 28l of each shoe D is provided with an inwardly extending, longitudinally disposed,- central slot 33 adapted to loosely accommodate for sliding movement the lug 40 of the corresponding shoe C. The slot 33 of the shoe D is made of such a length as to permit full relative movement. of the front and rear shoes during a compression stroke.

As herein shown, two groups of friction plates E are employed, one group-being disposed on each side of the mechanism between the top and bottom flanges 30 of the.

corresponding shoe D. Each group is preferably composedof outer and inner plates 34 and an intermediate plate 35. The outer plate 34 of each group has .frictionalcontact with the inner surfaceof the corresponding side wall 18 of the shell and the inner plate 34 of each group frictionally engages the outer flat surface of the web 28 of the adjacent rear wedge shoe D. The plates 34-are of similar construction and as best shown in Figure Ll, each plate has adjacent the front end thereof a longitudinally elongated opening 36 disposed midway of its height and spaced inwardly from the front edge. The elongated openings 36 of the plates 34 of each group are adapted to slidingly receive the laterally projecting lug 40 of the corresponding front shoe C. The openings 36 are of such a length as to permit a certain amount of lost motion between the plates 34 and theshoes C to which they are connected by the lugs 40, the lugs 40 normally engaging the `front walls of said openings, maintaining the outer ends of the lates 34 spaced i11- wardly from the front folllower 15, projecting beyond the front end of the shell A. As will be evident, the lugs 40 serve to move the engaged plates outwardly during release of the mechanism to restore them to normal position.

The two plates 35 are also of like construction, and as shown in Figure 5, each plate hasltop and bottom lugs 37 at the rear end thereof forming abutments adapted to cooperate with the4 rear ends of the top and.

bottom fianges rof the corresponding shoe D.' The lugs 37 of the plates 35 normally abut the flanges 30, the plates beingthus heldin theirl outermost position with their rear ends in abutment with the respective wear plates 32. Atthe opposite or forward end, each plate 35 is provided with an inwardly extending slot 38 adapted to slidingly receive the lug of the 4corresponding shoe C. The slots 38 lof the plates 35 are of such a length as to perinit full Vmovement ofthe plates during a compression stroke ofthe mechanism.

The spring resistance F, which comprises an inner light and an outer relatively heavy coil, lis interposed between the front and rear pairs of shoes C and D, bearing at its forward end on the flanges 25 of the shoes C and bearing at its rear end on the spring follower plate H, which in turn bears on the inner end faces of the projections 31 of the shoes D.

The parts of theshock absorbing mechanism are held iny assembled relation and themechanism maintained of proper overall length by the retainer bolt (ii-extending through the inner coil of the spring resistance F and a central opening in the follower H, and having its front and rear ends anchored in the recesses of the hollow front and rear wedge blocks respectively. The bolt G also serves to hold the mechanism under initial compression. Y

As wear occurs on the various friction and wedge faces compensation therefor will be had )y the expansion of the spring resistance F tending to force the wedge Shoes C and D outwardly. e

The operation of the mechanism is as follows assuming an inward or bulfing movement of the drawbar. Upon inward or rearward movement of the drawbar, the front follower 15 will be moved therewith, forcing the wedge B and the shoes C rearwardly, compressing the spring resistance element F and thereby forcing the rear pair of shoes l) into taut wedging engagement with the rear .vodge B, the latter' being held stationary by engagement with the follower 16. t the same time, a wedging action will be set up between the front and rear wedges and wedge shoes, forcing the coacting friction surfaces 27 and 127 of the front and rear shoes into intimate contact and placing the friction plates under lateral pressure.

As the rearward movement of the follower 15 continues, the front set of shoes will slide v yrearwardly with reference to the rear shoes,

the innermost plates 34 of each group sliding on the outer friction surfaces of the webs 28 of the respective shoes D. This movement continues until the shell A comes into abutment with the rear follower 16 whereupon the shell and plates 35, which have their rear ends abutting the end wall of the shell will be held stationary and the plates 34 will be moved rearwardly, further increasing and `greatly-augmenting the frictional resistance offered. During this rearward movement of the plates 35 and the shell A, the lugs 37 of the plates and end wall 2O of the shell will move away and be spaced from the. rear ends of the shoes D and the" flanges thereof respectively. The described movement of the follower 15, front pair of shoes C` and plates 34 continues until the actuating force is removed or until the front end of the shell A is engaged by the front follower, whereupon the force is transmitted directly through the shell plates E and shoes D to the rear follower and stop lugs.

During draft, the action is the reverse of that just described, the front follower being held stationary and the rear follower being moved toward the same, thereby first movinf.r the shoes D together with the two groups of'friction plates and the shell A forwardly with reference to the shoes C, the friction plates and shell being carried with the shoes D due to the friction between the parts. This action continues until the front ends .af the plates' 34 engage the front follower 15 whereupon the shoes D will be slid relatively to the two groups of plates. Upon further movement of the follower 16, the shell A will be directly engaged, thereby causing the plates 35 to be moved lil() forwardly, sliding on the plates 34 which are then in abutment with the front follower.

Upon reduction of the actuating force, the

wedge pressure will be relieved and there will be an initial release of the friction shoes lili and. wedges, independently of any relative movement of the plates. This initial release action is due to the lugs of the shoes C being spaced inwardly of the outerend walls of the slots of the plates 34 and the lugs 2 on theplates 55 being spaced from the rear ends of the flanges of the shoes D and the latter being spaced from the end wall of'the shell A during the compression stroke of the mechanism. An eas): and quick release and certain reduction of the lateral pressure on the groups of plates is thus assured. As tre two pairs of shoes the opposite ends of the mechanism are separated, due to the expanf'ive action of the spring resistance, the'lugs on the shoes C and the, fianges of the shoes D will come into engagement with the outer end walls of the openings 3() of the platee; 34, andthe lugs 27 of the plates respectively, carrying the plateal outwardly there-A with and restoring the same to normal position. The rear ends of the plates S'andtlie corresponding ends ofthe slices D will restore the shell to normal position'also, by.

engagement with the rear wall of thelatter;

I have herein shown and' describedwhat' I now consider the preferred mannerof carrying out my invention, but the zsaine is merely illustrative and I conten'iplate all changes and modifications that come within the scope of the claims appended hereto,

I' claim:

l. In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with relatively movable front and rear followers; of a `group of relativel;v movable, interealated fric-tion :lates interposed between said followers, the corresponding ends of certain of said plates being normally spaced from one of said `followers; a floating friction shell having ,a longitudinally disposed wall coacting with one side of said group of plates, saidshell having one end normally slightly spaced from the other follower; front and rear friction wedge systems, disposed at the opposite side of said group of plates and coacting respectively with said followers, each system including a friction wedge shoe, said shoes having coacting friction surfaces; and :i sprintr resistance interposed between said systems.

2. 'In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with front and rear follower members; of a pluralit-v of longitudinally disposed. intercalated, friction plates interposed between said followers, said plates being divided into two separated groups. alternate plates,` of each group havingr their corresponding ends normally spaced from one of said followers: a shell enclosing said groups of plates for resisting lateral outward movement thereof and having an end wall with which certain of said plates normally engage, said shell being normally slightly spaced from the other followerg' lateral pre"ssure-creat-ing` means at each endt of/tlie mechanism, said: means *in-- cludi'ng front andrear frictiongwedge-shoes cooperating with said two groups of'plates, said? fronti and' rearxshoesliaving c oaeting frictionsurfaees; andr a" spring" resistance interposed" betwengjsaid front' and rear shoes.' f i i 3. Tn affriction shook aorbing mchanism, the combination with front and real follower' members of a ,plliiralvityl` of" longifu'di'nall-5rv disposed? intercalated; friction' plates linterpf'ised be'tS'W''P/.x` Said fllt'iwer's,` said' plates: 1Being,dividied ito two separated' groups, alternate 'ltefsjof each group' having? thellj'fcorres'ponlding ends normally spaced'ffblpneisaid followers; a shelll enclosingisaid" groups of plates for resist-4 ing'lateralou ward`inovement thereof and hz'iving'an'e 2wall' w'itl`r'-wiich'certain of"` said. pltesfnormally'en age to restore the nella ,fermait-stamm',angliae, naar pre'ss'tiref-cre*atingy 1'means "at e lcli end ofL the' ,dplieate means including.' front and 'reafrietin wedge, sloes cooper ating-With said* uve-'..groqps'- of' plates, said front and'rear s'hes having coactihgfrietion surfaces, saidshnesandplates having coacting abutment meansfr' restoring the latter tonrmal position; anda' spring resistance interposed between said frolitf and rear shoes; ,p

4; In'` a friction` shock absorbing mechanisnnthe combination with a floating frictionshell, `aZ plurality ofrelatively movable, intercalated, friction plates,.within the shell, said plates being divided into two groups disposed at opposite sides ofthe mechanism' in engagement with the respective side wallsthereof; duplicate, front'and rear, wedgepressure-creating means interposed between saidv two groups of plates, said front means including a pairpof wedge shoes eachfhaving an outer longitudinally .disposed friction face and said rear means including a pair of' friction shoes each having anV inner longitudinally disposed friction face coacting with the outer friction face of: the corresponding shoe of the. other air' and a s rin .c resistance inter osed P a P between said pairs of shoes.

5L In a friction shock absorbing mechanism, the combination with front and rear. follower members; of a plurality of longitudinally disposed intercalated, friction plates interposed between said followers` said plates being divided into two separated groups, alternate plates of each group having their corresponding ends normally spaced from one of said followers; a shell enclosing said groups of plates for resisting lateral outward movement thereof and having an end wall; lateral pressure creating means at each end `of the mechanism, said means at each end including front and rear sets of friction wedge shoes cooperating with said two groups of plates, sani iront and rear shoes having concting fi'iution six;v

the shell to restore the latter to normal posi Y tion; and a spring resistance interposed Y between said front und roar sets of shoes. 10 faces, said shoes sind plates having coactin;1` In Witness that I claim the foregoing I abutment means for restoring the latter to have hereunto subscribed my name this 15th normal position, one of said sets of shot-s 'lay of May 1924.

being adapted to engage the end wall oi STACY B. HASELTINE. 

